Which two substance use disorders have FDA-approved medications to treat them?

The correct answer identifies opioid and alcohol as the two substance use disorders that have FDA-approved medications specifically designed for their treatment.

For opioid use disorder, medications such as methadone, buprenorphine, and naltrexone are widely recognized and have demonstrated effectiveness in helping individuals manage cravings and withdrawal symptoms, contributing to better long-term outcomes. These medications support a comprehensive treatment approach that often includes counseling and behavioral therapies.

Similarly, for alcohol use disorder, medications such as disulfiram, acamprosate, and naltrexone are employed to aid recovery. These drugs can help reduce cravings or create adverse reactions to alcohol, facilitating abstinence and supporting individuals in their recovery journey.

In contrast, the other substance use disorders listed in the other choices do not have FDA-approved medications specifically for their treatment. For instance, while some treatments exist for cocaine and methamphetamine use disorders, as of now, there are no pharmacological interventions formally approved by the FDA that meet the same level of evidence and support as those available for opioid and alcohol disorders. Thus, the selection of opioid and alcohol as the correct answer accurately captures the current state of medication-assisted treatment in substance use recovery.